Author: Johan Obdola

For too long, many democratic societies have treated global jihadism as a sequence of isolated attacks, police cases, military incidents, or intelligence failures. That view is dangerously incomplete. The threat is not only operational. It is ideological, psychological, financial, digital, cultural, and geopolitical. It is not a single organisation, battlefield, or generation of militants. It is an architecture. To understand global jihad, one must look beyond the moment of violence. The attack is often the final expression of a longer process: indoctrination, identity capture, social isolation, propaganda exposure, logistical preparation, and moral dehumanisation. Before a weapon is used, a worldview…

Venezuela’s collapse was not a descent into chaos. It was a conversion.Over the past fifteen years, the country did not merely succumb to corruption; it underwent a functional transformation from a sovereign state into an integrated criminal platform. This was not accidental. It was engineered. Institutions were not weakened; they were repurposed. The military ceased to function primarily as a defensive force and became a mechanism for controlling trafficking corridors. Customs, ports and airports stopped facilitating trade and began enabling illicit flows. Financial institutions no longer stabilised the economy but laundered and redistributed criminal revenue. By the mid-2010s, Venezuela had…